Ohio University student Madi Brown leads an active lifestyle. She stays busy studying communications, working in tourism and caring for her cherished 10-year-old beagle mix, Smoke.

Behind her bright smile and cheerful outlook lives a story of resilience. Growing up, Brown faced chronic health challenges, including autoimmune disorders and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

This past spring, Brown, 21, started vomiting unexplainably and for extended periods of time. Her doctors proposed causes like stress, a virus or even food sensitivities but offered no definitive diagnosis.

“They tested me for everything. I did so much blood work, but nobody could really figure out why I was throwing up,” she said.

GI Procedure Recommended for Diagnosis

After months of uncertainty about her health, Brown scheduled a visit with her board-certified gastroenterologist Jigna Thakore, M.D.

“When she came in May, she was having a lot of nausea, vomiting, heartburn-type symptoms and just pain in her upper abdomen,” Dr. Thakore said. “We needed to figure out whether it’s food allergy related versus acid reflux, versus if there’s an infection in her stomach, a gluten allergy.”

Brown underwent an ultrasound and a HIDA (hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid) scan to evaluate her gallbladder and bile duct function. Her results were normal.

To diagnose other conditions of the upper digestive tract, Dr. Thakore recommended Brown undergo an esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or EGD.

“There’s no CT scan or ultrasound or MRI or any imaging test that can give you the same information as an EGD for the upper gastrointestinal tract because it’s a camera inside you. It’s physically helping us see the actual tissue,” Dr. Thakore said. “When the imaging test is done, it shows pictures in shades of gray. Whereas with the EGD, we see the tissue and can biopsy it to test its health.”

Brown scheduled the procedure at an ambulatory surgery center (ASC) near her parents’ Dayton, Ohio, home. Although anxious about her initial endoscopy, Brown said the medical team detailed the process and offered encouragement.

“I don’t like to surrender control … So, being put to sleep and just not being aware and the idea of just complete oblivion freaks me out unnecessarily,” she said. “The care team … picked up on that, and they made it so easy.”

During Brown’s sedation, Dr. Thakore used a slender, flexible instrument known as an endoscope to inspect the lining of her esophagus, stomach and the upper section of the small intestine.

Biopsies of the esophagus revealed gastritis, indicating inflammation in the lining of the stomach.

“The biopsies didn’t show any infection, so that would show that that’s all acid related,” Dr. Thakore said. “Biopsies in the small intestine were negative for gluten allergy or celiac disease. So, we’ve been working on her acid-related symptoms as the cause of what she was experiencing.”

Dr. Thakore also discovered a minor hiatal hernia, where Brown’s stomach extends slightly into her chest area.

“By itself, it’s not dangerous, especially when it is small, but she will have more reflux from it,” Dr. Thakore said. “That is part of her issue with nausea, vomiting.”

To heal Brown’s gastritis and lower her stomach acid would take about five to six weeks. Dr. Thakore prescribed medications for heartburn and nausea for her to take as needed until her next appointment.

Managing IBS Symptoms; Improving Gut Health

IBS affects up to 45 million Americans like Brown, who endure frequent stomach pain with diarrhea, constipation or both. To reduce IBS symptoms, Dr. Thakore recommended Brown focus on improving her gut health.

“Often, these symptoms can be improved, and these conditions can be improved with fiber alone,” Dr. Thakore said. “Over-the-counter fiber, such as psyllium husk or guar gum, … or even a high-fiber diet is helpful. Up to 20 to 30 grams of fiber a day is what the gut bacteria need to do their job.”

Gut bacteria (microbiomes) reside in the gastrointestinal tract. They assist the body with digestion, nutrient production, immune system regulation, metabolic health and more.

“I don’t know if young people understand how important your gut health really is and how impactful that is for your entire body,” Brown said. “The gut says a lot, and when you start to care for that, you’ll notice other parts of your life improving.”

ASCs Care for Patients First

Ambulatory surgery centers offer patients same-day procedures using advanced technology in a comfortable setting with shorter waiting times, often at lower out-of-pocket costs. Patients have the convenience of recovering at home.

“This is a teamwork effort. We are very fortunate to have a fantastic staff,” Dr. Thakore said. “There’s just a culture of the patient coming first and making [them] better. That’s why we exist. So, that’s what we carry through.”

Following her positive experience, Brown said she would recommend ASCs to others.

“There were so many good things that were happening during my experience before, during and after the procedure,” she said. “The little moments of Dr. Thakore holding my hand or the anesthesiologist being just so kind and attentive or the nurse answering my questions in the beginning, all of these little things added up to a really good experience that could so easily have just been mediocre or bad.”

Doctors determine whether patients are suitable for outpatient surgery based on their age, existing medical conditions and the support they receive at home.

“If you’re safe enough to have an outpatient procedure, that’s the best option,” Dr. Thakore said. “We’re very timely; we’re efficient.”

Schedule an Appointment to Discuss GI Issues

You can make positive choices to benefit your digestive health. Schedule an appointment to talk to your doctor about any GI issues you may be experiencing. Your doctor may suggest that you schedule a procedure, like an EGD or colonoscopy, to determine the cause.

Discuss whether lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, improving diet and exercising, can alleviate symptoms or decrease disease risk.

“Don’t ignore your symptoms,” Dr. Thakore said. “We care. You’re important. If you’re not taking care of yourself, who will, right? So, just make time to do that.”

As she adjusts to her healthier lifestyle, Brown encourages her peers to examine their life choices, too.

“Being a young person, it’s important to prioritize your health, but you also have to prioritize other parts of your life and your well-being and balance those things,” she said. “I really encourage them to find that balance and ride that fine line, … and eventually, things will fall into place.”

Dr. Thakore praised Brown for prioritizing her health for a better quality of life.

“Madi’s a fantastic, bright young lady, and I’m so proud of her for reaching out and not ignoring her symptoms,” she said. “It’s good for her to come in and work with us. And as a team, we can get her better.”

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This article is designed for educational purposes only. The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health concern or disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health concern, you should consult your healthcare provider.

Colorectal cancer is rising in adults under 50, making it a growing concern among younger populations. This trend highlights the urgent need for timely screenings. Ongoing research is helping doctors learn more about the causes and improve early detection to save lives.

New Research Studies CRC Development

Researchers recently made an important discovery that could help us better understand how colorectal cancer (CRC) develops. In a study published in Nature Communications, scientists used mouse models to explore how certain proteins affect tumor growth.

The Spanish National Cancer Research Center team focused on a well-known protein called p53 and another protein called URI. P53 helps prevent tumors. Studies link URI to several types of cancer.

Researchers found that “if URI was eliminated or p53 levels were increased in polyps, the polyps did not develop into tumors.” They also learned that under the same conditions, “the mice with colorectal cancer lived longer.”

Now, the team’s ongoing work is focusing on the development of URI inhibitors.

“These inhibitors may have an impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer and other URI-related cancers, offering an innovative therapeutic approach to slow down tumor progression and improve patient care,” said Nabil Djouder in Medical XPress. Djouder is the head of the Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group.

Trending: Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

As research on colorectal cancer continues, learn about your risk factors, symptoms and screening guidelines to protect your health.

Most colorectal cancers start as small growths, called polyps, on the lining of the colon (large intestine). These polyps can slowly turn into cancer over time.

Experts refer to CRC in younger people as early-onset colorectal cancer. Reports indicate CRC incidence is rising in people ages 20 to 45.

Doctors are not sure why more young people are developing CRC. It may be because of a mix of genetic and environmental factors. You may be at high risk if you have any of the following:

• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
• A family history of colorectal cancer or colon polyps
• A diet low in fruits and vegetables and high in processed foods
• A history of smoking or heavy alcohol use
• Diabetes or obesity

Many early-onset CRC cases are found late because symptoms are often missed or confused with other common health issues. Some warning signs to watch for include the following:

• Changes in bowel habits
• Blood in your stool
• Unexplained weight loss or constant tiredness
• Ongoing stomach discomfort or cramping

In many cases, CRC doesn’t cause any symptoms, which is why screening is important. If you’re experiencing symptoms, talk to your doctor about screening, regardless of your age.

Timely Screenings Save Lives. Don’t Wait for Symptoms.

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the United States. For adults under 50, CRC is now the No. 1 cause of cancer death in men and the second leading cause in women.

More than any diet or exercise regimen, timely screening is the best way to protect yourself from colorectal cancer.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that adults at average risk for CRC start regular screenings at age 45. If you have one or more risk factors, you may need to screen sooner. Your doctor can help you choose the screening that’s right for you.

Colonoscopy is the only test that not only finds signs of cancer but also removes precancerous polyps during the procedure. This helps prevent cancer from developing.

The good news is most insurance plans cover a screening colonoscopy for adults 45 and older. Contact your insurance provider to confirm your coverage.

If you choose a different screening method and get an abnormal result, a follow-up colonoscopy will be needed to check for cancer or other health concerns.

Schedule Your Colonoscopy Today at Our ASC

CRC is both preventable and highly treatable when detected early. A colonoscopy is the most efficient way to catch problems early or prevent cancer altogether.

Our Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) makes it easy to get the care you need:

• Timely, efficient outpatient care
• Lower costs than hospital-based procedures
• Shorter wait times and personalized attention
• A safe, comfortable environment focused on your well-being

Early detection saves lives. If you’re due for a colonoscopy or need a follow-up, don’t wait. Protect your health and schedule your screening today.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) cases rising in young adults is a concerning global trend. The best way to beat the trend is to prevent and detect the disease early through timely screenings.

During National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, get informed, take action and spread awareness about this highly preventable disease.

Get Informed About Colorectal Cancer

In 2025, the American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates there will be about 107,320 new cases of colon cancer. They also expect around 46,950 new cases of rectal cancer in the United States.

About 10 percent of all colorectal cancer diagnoses are in individuals younger than 50. Data shows CRC rates in adults aged 40 to 49 years increased by nearly 15 percent over the past decade.

In a recent study, ACS researchers investigated contemporary colorectal cancer incidence trends in younger adults versus older adults worldwide. Data was compiled using the “Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus.” The research is published in The Lancet Oncology.

The study found that early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in 14 countries, including the U.S. Doctors define early onset as cancer in people younger than 50. The rate of early-onset CRC was highest in the U.S. and four other countries.

“This flagship study reveals that increasing rates of early-onset bowel cancer, affecting adults aged 25-49, is a global issue,” said Michelle Mitchell, chief executive of Cancer Research UK.

Hyuna Sung, PhD, lead author of the study, suggested more research of colorectal cancer trends and prevention methods is necessary.

“Ongoing efforts are essential to identify the additional factors behind these trends and to develop effective prevention strategies tailored to younger generations and local resources worldwide,” said Dr. Sung, ACS senior principal scientist, cancer surveillance research.

Take Action by Getting Screened at 45

Talking to your healthcare provider about screening is the first step to beat the trend of early-onset colorectal cancer.

Clinicians play a key role in colorectal cancer awareness, detection and prevention. Proactive steps may help reduce delays in diagnosis and decrease mortality rates for some patients.

“Although the rapid rise in CRC in young adults is alarming, we know we can beat the trend by educating our patients about the importance of screening along with paying attention to symptoms that could be a sign of colon cancer,” said AMSURG Medical Staff Lead Jay Popp, MD, MACG.

Common warning signs may include the following:

• Abdominal pain
• Blood in the stool
• Change in bowel habits

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force advises people at average risk to undergo a baseline screening at age 45. If you have digestive symptoms that may be experienced with CRC, seek medical attention regardless of your age.

Scientists are unsure of exactly what causes colorectal cancer. Some studies link CRC to dietary habits, physical inactivity and excess body weight. Consult your doctor if you have risk factors like a family or personal history of CRC or polyps, ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. You may need to be screened earlier than 45.

“Screening works!” Dr. Popp said. “Ask your healthcare provider about what screening test is best for you.”

Screening Options for Colon Cancer

Several screening tests can detect colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy is the only screening method that can detect and prevent the disease. During this procedure, you are under sedation while your gastroenterologist examines the entire length of your colon for polyps or abnormalities.

“Since almost all colon cancers begin as a small growth called a polyp, during screening colonoscopy these polyps can be identified and removed, thus preventing cancer from developing,” Dr. Popp said.

If you choose an alternate colon cancer screening and receive an abnormal result, you must follow up with a colonoscopy to determine the cause of the positive test.

Failing to follow up or delaying a colonoscopy may increase your risk of colon cancer. This may result in an advanced stage of the disease at diagnosis.

“When detected in its early stages, before it has had a chance to spread to other organs, colon cancer is beatable, with a five-year survival rate of 90 percent,” Dr. Popp said.

Most insurance plans provide coverage for a screening colonoscopy for patients 45 and older. Healthcare coverage varies, so call your provider to confirm you are eligible for a screening colonoscopy.

Spread Awareness About CRC

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The ACS estimates CRC will cause about 52,900 deaths this year.

In adults younger than 50, colorectal cancer is the number one cause of cancer death in men and the second in women.

Timely screening is key to survival.

An estimated 55 million adults between 45 and 85 are eligible for a colorectal cancer screening in the U.S. Yet, one-third of Americans are overdue for their screening.

Don’t delay in scheduling your preventive care. If you are 45 or older and unscreened, it is time to take action.

Getting screened may inspire others to do so. Encourage your friends and loved ones to get screened, too. It could save their lives.

Even if you are not a part of the screening demographic yet, you can help spread the message. Wear a blue ribbon or shirt on Dress in Blue Day (March 7) to spread awareness and honor those affected by colorectal cancer.

In March — and year-round — it’s important to prioritize your colon health. Make an appointment with your gastroenterologist for your first colorectal cancer screening or a follow-up colonoscopy. Talk to your doctor about how often you should get screened and which method is best for you. Together we can beat the trend!

You may be aware that a high-fat, low-fiber diet can make you more likely to develop colon cancer, but did you know that eating nutritious food may actively protect you from cancer? Two studies from Flinders University suggest eating fiber-rich vegetables, fruits and grains, as well as dairy and fish, may lower the risk for colon cancer and other GI cancers.

Nutrient-Poor and Processed Foods May Raise Colon Cancer Risk

The American diet centers on foods like burgers, hot dogs, pizza and packaged snack foods. Not only do these foods contribute to obesity, but they also increase cancer risk. Previous studies found that eating red and processed meat increased the risk for colon and rectal cancer by as much as 40 percent. Examples of red or processed meat include beef, pork, lamb, sausage, bacon, lunch meat and hot dogs.

Another deficiency in the Western diet is not eating enough fiber. Dietary fiber is the part of the plant that we are not able to digest, and we find it in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds and legumes. Many varieties of flour, cereal, bread and pasta undergo processing, resulting in the removal of the outer layer known as bran. Processed foods contain less fiber and can cause inflammation in the digestive system.

Healthy Eating Can Help Prevent Colon Cancer

Eating nutritious foods is one of the easiest ways to boost your overall health and reduce the risk of cancer and chronic disease.

The studies from Flinders University underscore the guidelines of the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) that encourage people to eat more fruits, whole grains, vegetables and legumes while limiting the amount of processed foods, red and processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages.

“Our findings not only reinforce established guidelines but also highlight dietary choices that can proactively protect against this disease, such as upping your fiber intake,” said Yohannes Adama Melaku, PhD, from Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), regarding bowel cancer.

Dr. Melaku said eating foods like vegetables and healthy, unsaturated fats and avoiding sugary, processed food and drinks can potentially improve colon health and prevent disease.

“Notably, we found that high-fiber foods such as fruits and vegetables promote healthy gut bacteria that can reduce inflammation,” said Dr. Melaku. “The emphasis on fiber and healthy fats should be an integral part of everyone’s diet.”

How Different Foods Affect Inflammation in the GI Tract

Inflammation refers to the body’s reaction to illness, injury or an irritant. Chronic inflammation, however, can last for years and damage DNA. If damaged cells begin to divide, cancer may develop. Research suggests chronic inflammation causes up to 20 percent of cancers.

Millions of bacteria and other tiny organisms live in the digestive tract. While some types of bacteria may be harmful, others play an essential part in regulating metabolism, heart health and immunity. Eating foods that are high in nutrients and fiber help nourish the beneficial gut bacteria, maintain balance in the gut microbiome and reduce inflammation.

Yogurt and fermented foods like kimchi and kefir contain lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, which strengthen the gut barrier to protect against pathogens. These beneficial organisms also prevent harmful bacteria from adhering to the intestinal lining.

Ultra-processed foods, red and processed meat, sugar, saturated fats and alcohol can disrupt the complex microbiome that lives in the gut and increase the risk of disease.

A study published in Cureus compared the gut lining of people who ate a nutritious diet to the GI tract of people who ate junk food. The authors concluded, “The gut microbiome of individuals who consume healthy foods and those who prefer junk food varies significantly. Healthy diets promote a diverse and beneficial gut microbiome, while junk food consumption often leads to a less diverse microbiome with negative consequences for health.”

Eat More Whole Foods and Less Processed Foods

Our bodies absorb nutrients most efficiently when food remains whole and in its natural state. Grocery stores usually place whole foods around the perimeter because whole foods are perishable. The middle aisles of the grocery store include more processed foods because the added preservatives lengthen the shelf life.

When you shop, fill your cart with fresh produce, leafy greens, brown rice, lentils, rolled oats, natural cheese, eggs, milk, salmon, lean chicken and turkey. For healthy probiotics that nourish the gut, buy fermented foods like unsweetened yogurt, sauerkraut and kombucha.

Purchasing whole grain bread from the bakery will often provide more nutrition than packaged bread on the shelf because it will contain fewer preservatives.

Try to avoid processed meats and ready-made meals because they often contain added sugar, salt, nitrates, coloring and preservatives.

You don’t have to give up all desserts and sweets, but you can make healthier choices. Fresh fruit and dark chocolate contain high amounts of antioxidants that are healthy and gut friendly.

Prevent Colon Cancer with Regular Screenings

A healthy diet is a good place to start, but the best protection against colon cancer is screening. Colon cancer is one of the few types of cancer that is preventable, and it is highly treatable when detected early.

You have several choices for colon cancer screening:

• Stool-based tests — These check the stool for signs of colon cancer. Stool-based tests are convenient and non-invasive, but you must repeat them more often. Furthermore, if the test is positive, you must undergo a colonoscopy to determine the cause of the positive test.
• Blood-based test — These evaluate your blood for signs of colon cancer. If positive, a colonoscopy is also required.
• Visual exam — These tests look for abnormalities in the structure of the colon and rectum. Doctors perform the procedures with a scope or X-ray imaging.

The most comprehensive screening is a visual exam called colonoscopy because it can detect and prevent cancer. During the procedure, a gastroenterologist can view your entire colon lining and remove polyps or abnormal tissue that could become cancerous.

Ask Your Doctor about Your Colon Cancer Risk

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among adults, and your lifetime risk for the disease is about five percent. Although colon cancer incidence is decreasing in people older than 50, it is increasing in younger adults.

Because young-onset colon cancer is becoming more common, the American Cancer Society recommends that all adults who are at average risk of colorectal cancer begin screening at age 45.

Knowing your personal and family medical history is important because you may have risk factors that make you more likely to develop colon cancer. These include the following:

• Family history of colorectal cancer or a colon cancer syndrome
• Family or personal history of colon polyps
• Inflammatory bowel disease

Some risk factors you can change, such as the following:

• Obesity
• Smoking
• Alcohol use
• Unhealthy diet
• Sedentary lifestyle

Schedule an Appointment

You can make positive choices to benefit your digestive health. Talk to your doctor about how often you should get screened for colorectal cancer and which method is best for you. At your appointment, you can also discuss other lifestyle modifications like weight loss, dietary changes and an exercise plan to help lower your risk for disease.

A popular New Year’s resolution is to stop drinking alcohol. Heavy drinking can increase your risk for hypertension, irregular heartbeat, obesity, liver disease, stroke, breast and colon cancer, depression and suicide.

New initiatives like Dry January encourage people to abstain from drinking wine, beer, cocktails and liquor for 31 days. Observing Dry January could be your first step in adopting a healthy lifestyle choice: to limit or stop consuming alcohol long term.

Avoiding alcohol can improve your sleep, increase your energy, promote weight loss and reduce your risk for colon cancer, a leading cause of cancer death.

Alcohol Use Contributes to Cancer Risk

Drinking alcohol is one of the most preventable risk factors for cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, alcohol use causes six percent of all cancer cases and four percent of cancer fatalities.

Alcohol can increase the risk for several types of cancer, including the following:

• Liver
• Mouth
• Throat
• Voice box
• Esophagus
• Breast
• Colon and rectum

Studies show alcohol can increase the risk for colorectal cancer in men more than women, but it affects both genders.

New research suggests alcohol may also affect your risk for developing melanoma as well as pancreatic and prostate cancer.

What Does Alcohol Do in the Body to Affect Cancer Risk?

Alcohol can increase the risk for cancer in different ways, depending on the type of cancer. How much alcohol you consume makes more of a difference than the type of alcohol you ingest.

Alcohol Damages Cells

Ethanol, the type of alcohol in wine, beer and liquor, causes irritation in cells. Once consumed, ethanol converts to acetaldehyde, a chemical that can harm DNA and cause cancer in lab animals.

Drinking can lead to oxidative stress, which damages cells. As the diseased cells try to repair themselves, they can have errors in their DNA. Cancer can develop when damaged cells divide.

Alcohol Prevents the Body from Absorbing Essential Nutrients

Drinking alcohol may hinder the body’s capacity to absorb essential vitamins such as folate, which plays a crucial role in tissue development, cell division, red blood cell production and protein synthesis. Low folate levels may increase the risk for colorectal cancer.

Drinking Alcohol Can Contribute to Obesity

Alcoholic drinks can be high in calories and cause the body to gain more fat, especially in the abdomen. Excess fat that surrounds the organs can increase the risk for several cancers, including colorectal cancer.

Limiting Alcohol Will Bring Better Long-Term Results

Instead of making long-term resolutions that you will likely break or committing to 31 days of abstinence from drinking, The American Heart Association encourages Americans to limit their daily alcohol intake to one to two drinks for men and one drink for women.

Understanding what constitutes a serving of alcohol is crucial. A standard serving is 5 ounces of wine, 12 ounces of beer, 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor or 1 ounce of 100-proof liquor.

To help you decrease drinking alcohol, you can …

• Eat a meal before or during your consumption of an alcoholic drink.
• Try alcohol-free beer, wine or cider.
• Keep a diary to track your alcohol intake.
• Ask a friend or relative to keep you accountable.

Alcohol Is a Modifiable Risk Factor for Colon Cancer

A new report published in the American Association for Cancer Research found that 40 percent of all cancer cases have a connection to lifestyle habits. The report calls these habits “modifiable risk factors” because we can change them by ourselves. One of the primary modifiable risk factors is alcohol consumption.

This study is important because colon cancer incidence continues to rise among adults younger than 50. Between 2022 and 2019, young-onset colon cancer incidence increased by 1.9 percent per year. Research suggests alcohol use in early and middle adulthood can have a profound influence on colon and rectal cancer risk later in life.

Not everyone who drinks will develop colon cancer, but studies like this one show a distinct correlation: avoiding or limiting the amount of alcohol consumed can lower your risk.

Other risk factors for colorectal cancer are out of your control, such as the following:

• Inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
• Personal history of polyps or colon cancer
• Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
• A genetic condition like Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis

What Are Other Modifiable Risks for Colon Cancer?

You can develop healthy lifestyle habits that can lower your risk for cancer of the colon or rectum.

1. Quit smoking or never begin to smoke.
2. Be physically active every day. The American Medical Association recommends a minimum of 150 minutes per week of moderate exercise or at least 75 minutes each week of vigorous exercise or an equivalent combination.
3. Eat a high-fiber diet with a variety of fruits and vegetables, lean proteins and plant-based fats. Avoid or limit red and processed meats, and reduce your sugar intake.
4. Get adequate amounts of calcium, vitamin D and folate. Talk to your doctor about ways to increase your vitamin intake through food. If you cannot obtain your daily recommended vitamins through food, your doctor may prescribe a supplement.

Schedule a Colorectal Cancer Screening

The best New Year’s resolution you can make is to schedule a colorectal cancer screening. Colon cancer is highly treatable when detected in the initial stages, and you have many screening options.

A colonoscopy is the most effective colorectal cancer screening test because it allows your doctor to view the entire colon and remove precancerous polyps before they can develop into cancer. Stool tests and blood tests are quick and non-invasive, but only colonoscopy can prevent colon cancer.

Your gastroenterologist can also treat digestive conditions like diverticulitis, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, Barrett’s esophagus and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). You don’t have to live with discomfort, reflux or stomach pain. Call today to make an appointment.

Is there anything cozier than the warmth of your own bed? Sleep may feel like a luxury, but our bodies depend on adequate rest as much as a healthy diet and regular exercise.

Proper sleep and easy waking in the morning can boost overall health and offer protective benefits against colorectal cancer, a leading cause of cancer death.

Sleep Habits Can Influence Cancer Risk

Previous studies associate cancer risk with lifestyle factors, like smoking, alcohol use, obesity and a low-fiber diet. Experts have identified sleep problems as a factor, but most studies have been observational.

A new study published in the Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology suggests certain sleep habits may influence colon and rectal cancer risk. Getting enough sleep at night and the ability to wake up easily could help prevent colorectal cancer.

Researchers at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing, China, used previously collected data from 337,000 patients between the ages of 40 and 69. The team looked at seven specific traits in the participants: sleep duration, ease of getting up in the morning, daytime napping, daytime dozing, insomnia symptoms, snoring and being a “morning person” or not.

The study found that sleep duration and ease of getting up in the morning could be protective factors against colorectal cancer. Snoring, however, may increase the risk for developing cancer in the rectum or colon.

Why Are We Not Getting Enough Sleep?

According to a Gallup poll, half of Americans say they would benefit from more sleep, and 20 percent of Americans are getting fewer than five hours of sleep per night. Although pinpointing one specific cause is challenging, many would concur that our hectic, goal-driven lifestyles often lead to significant stress and poor sleep habits.

Technology can help us accomplish more, but smartphones and electronics are a source of constant distraction. Because we focus on what we need to accomplish, we may not value sleep as much as previous generations. Unfortunately, sleep problems are causing some major health concerns.

Common causes of sleep deprivation include factors such as the following:

• Stress
• Chronic pain
• Irregular sleep schedule
• Medications
• Poor sleeping habits
• Neurological disorders
• Mental health issues
• Sleep disorders
• Pregnancy
• Obstructive sleep apnea

People are more likely to suffer from insomnia if they experience a combination of factors. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men, and older adults are at higher risk than younger people.

How to Improve Sleep Duration

Some people naturally wake easier in the morning than others, but everyone can improve sleep duration. If sleeping longer can help prevent colorectal cancer, we should make it a goal to improve our sleep hygiene.

Increase the Amount of Time You Spend in Bed

The average American needs seven to eight hours of sleep to allow the body and brain to sufficiently rest. Knowing how much sleep you need every night will help you plan your evening around your bedtime.

Most people calculate the number of hours they sleep by when they get into their bed. No one falls asleep instantaneously, though. Most adults with healthy sleep patterns can fall asleep after 15 to 20 minutes, but sleep comes much slower for those who haven’t created good habits.

If your mind is racing or you feel stressed, it will take much longer to fall asleep, and you may not stay asleep. If you know how long it takes you to fall asleep, add that amount of time to your desired number of hours of sleep, and calculate your bedtime accordingly.

Turn Off Electronics and Charge Them in Another Room

Scrolling social media or playing video games before bed can impact your ability to fall asleep. Blue light from electronics can disrupt your circadian rhythm and cause the brain to think it is time to wake up. About an hour before you go to bed, power down your phone for the night. Avoid charging your phone on your nightstand because you may feel the need to check it.

Avoid Foods That Cause Reflux and GERD

Health problems like reflux can make it harder to fall asleep. Sometimes, you can manage symptoms of heartburn, indigestion and regurgitation by eating smaller meals. Avoiding foods that are fatty, spicy and acidic or excluding carbonated drinks, alcohol, caffeine, chocolate and mint may lower reflux risk.

If you experience persistent reflux symptoms, you may have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Experts estimate one in five Americans has GERD, but many people are unaware they have it. Warning signs for GERD include sore throat, persistent cough, hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, nausea and chest pain.

Incorporate Sleep-Inducing Foods Like Almonds

While certain foods may keep you awake at night, almonds may help you sleep more soundly. One study found eating almonds every day improved sleep quality in adults who had sleep trouble.

“Almonds are rich in bioactive phytochemicals, magnesium, zinc and melatonin, all of which are known to promote sleep,” wrote Lancelot Pinto, MBBS, DNB, MSc, consultant pulmonologist and epidemiologist at P.D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre in India.

According to the Sleep Foundation, other foods that can help you fall asleep include cherries, kiwi, rice, milk, fatty fish and nuts.

Establish Habits That Create Healthy Sleep Hygiene

No magic food will cure unhealthy sleep habits. The most effective way to get the sleep you need is to follow a nightly routine.

1. Turn off overhead lights in the evening and use floor lamps to provide light. You can also use dimmer switches in common areas.
2. Turn off the TV and electronics at the same time each night.
3. Play quiet music.
4. Take a warm bath or shower.
5. Try to meditate before bedtime.
6. Read a favorite book or write in your journal.
7. If your mind is racing or you feel anxious, have a notepad next to your bed and jot down a short to-do list for tomorrow.

Schedule a Colonoscopy or Other Colon Cancer Screening

The average risk for colorectal cancer is 1 in 23 for men and 1 in 25 for women. While the mortality rate from colon cancer among older adults is declining, it is rising among adults younger than 50.

People often assume colorectal cancer only affects the elderly, but this is not true. No one is too young to develop colon cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force advises that all adults should start colon cancer screenings at 45 years old; however, those at increased risk or with digestive symptoms should undergo screening sooner.

Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colon cancer screening because it allows your doctor to view the inside of your colon and remove pre-cancerous polyps. Therefore, colonoscopy can detect and prevent cancer in the rectum and colon.

Other tests can detect abnormalities, but they cannot diagnose or prevent cancer. Individuals with an average risk of colon cancer might not require a follow-up colonoscopy for a decade, making this procedure a practical screening choice.

Call your GI center and make an appointment with your gastroenterologist for a colon cancer screening. If you are experiencing symptoms of other medical conditions like GERD, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel disease or diverticulitis, you should make an appointment for a consultation.

Your digestive health and comfort are worth the investment.

Healthy food substitutions on your Thanksgiving table can lower your risk for reflux and GERD as well as help prevent colon and rectal cancer.

Thanksgiving Follows GERD Awareness Week

Do your favorite holiday foods often cause you heartburn and indigestion? Approximately 20 percent of Americans have GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), a chronic condition where your stomach’s contents flow back into your esophagus.

Common symptoms of GERD include a painful burning in the chest, regurgitation, nausea, problems swallowing, chronic cough and hoarseness.

GERD Awareness Week takes place Nov. 17-23. Overindulgence in rich foods can cause bloating and reflux. However, some people experience GERD symptoms when they are eating normally.

Untreated GERD can lead to long-term complications such as the following:

• Narrowing of the esophagus
• Damage to the esophagus
• Esophageal cancer
• Breathing problems

Some of the same foods that aggravate GERD can also increase the risk of colorectal cancer. This Thanksgiving, you can make healthy changes to your holiday menu and lower your risk for GERD and colon cancer.

Move Over, Turkey. Salmon Is a Healthier Protein Choice

Lean turkey is high in protein, but adding gravy and stuffing can increase your intake of saturated fats. A high-fat diet can alter your gut bacteria, cause inflammation and increase your risk for cancer of the rectum or colon.

It might sound odd to substitute salmon for poultry on your Thanksgiving table, but your colon will thank you for it! Wild-caught salmon contains high amounts of omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce inflammation.

If your Thanksgiving happiness depends on serving turkey, consider purchasing an organic, free-range turkey from a local farm.

Make Your Own Salad Dressing

Making your own salad dressing is easier and healthier than you think! Store-bought salad dressings contain added sugar, low-quality oils and emulsifiers that may irritate your gut lining. You can make salad dressing at home using extra virgin olive oil, an acid like citrus juice or balsamic vinegar, crushed garlic, Dijon mustard and seasonings.

You can also substitute the Dijon mustard for tahini, a sesame seed paste. The quality of your spices makes a difference, so buy sea salt and whole peppercorns for the best flavor. Adding fresh herbs can also add pizzazz to your dressing, so feel free to experiment.

Choose Cruciferous Vegetables for Side Dishes

Popular side dishes for Thanksgiving dinner include green bean casserole, brown sugar carrots and candied sweet potatoes. Although they’re tasty, they may aggravate your digestive symptoms.

Cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, broccoli, kale, radish, turnip and cauliflower contain bioactive chemicals that reduce cancer incidence, especially colon cancer. These vegetables are like natural medicines, containing two to five grams of fiber per cup. Fiber feeds the healthy bacteria in the gut and helps prevent constipation.

Instead of using butter to season cruciferous vegetables, try steaming them and adding a drizzle of olive oil.

Add Whole Grains to Your Meal

White rolls and stuffing made with white bread are two main staples of the Thanksgiving table, but they are nutrient-poor. How about slicing a loaf of 12-grain bread and using that same loaf to make stuffing or croutons for your salad?

You could even make a quinoa and wild rice stuffing for added fiber, protein and vitamins.

Swap Sweet Potatoes for Mashed Potatoes

We’ve all salivated over creamy mashed potatoes with cream cheese, sour cream and butter, but heartburn often follows. Sweet potatoes contain high amounts of fiber, carotenoids and vitamin A. They also have a lower glycemic index, which means they won’t make your blood sugar spike like a white potato.

Sweet potatoes have endless possibilities. You can bake them and serve them with olive oil and salt and pepper, or you can roast them with other winter root vegetables.

Serve Fresh Fruit Instead of Pie

Perhaps you think Thanksgiving requires pumpkin pie, but you might be more satisfied with fresh fruit for dessert. When nutritious food fills your stomach, you won’t want to end the meal with heartburn from eating rich pecan pie or apple cobbler.

Fruit can have distinct healing properties. Try these colorful fruits on your holiday dessert platter:

• Antioxidant — pomegranates, red grapes and figs
• Anti-inflammatory — blueberries, pineapples and cherries
• Detoxifying — watermelon and Goji berries
• Immune boosting — strawberries, kiwis and grapefruit

Don’t Wait Until Jan. 1 to Begin Healthy Eating

You can get a head start on your New Year’s resolutions by eating healthier today. If you are hosting Thanksgiving dinner, make healthy substitutions. Your guests will be grateful that you are keeping their health in mind.

If you are a guest this year at someone else’s table, offer to make a few nutrient-dense dishes to contribute to the meal.

“When people think about ‘going on a diet,’ they really should be thinking about what they want to accomplish with their eating habits, like losing weight, reducing cholesterol levels or adjusting what they eat for chronic conditions, then changing [their] current eating habits to meet those goals,” said Luis Rustveld, PhD, RD, LD, an assistant professor of family and community medicine at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.

Call Your GI Center to Schedule a Colon Cancer Screening

Healthy eating cannot substitute for colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Because young-onset colon cancer is on the rise, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force lowered the recommended age for colon cancer screening to 45 in asymptomatic patients at average risk.

You have many choices when it comes to colon and rectal cancer screening. Doctors recognize colonoscopy as the most effective screening test for colon cancer because it can detect and treat in the same procedure. Other colon cancer screening tests can detect cancer, but colonoscopy can remove precancerous polyps before they develop into cancer.

Stay Healthy and Cancer-Free

Call your gastroenterologist and make an appointment for a colon cancer screening. If you have relatives who have had colorectal cancer or are at an increased risk for colon cancer, consider undergoing screening prior to age 45.

Colon cancer is highly treatable when a doctor detects it at an early stage, so don’t delay in scheduling your preventive care.

Daily aspirin use may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, particularly for people who make unhealthy lifestyle choices.

Prevalence of Colon Cancer in Adult Men and Women

Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer death. The average lifetime risk of developing cancer of the colon or rectum is 1 in 23 for males and 1 in 25 for females. However, the personal risk for colon cancer depends on a combination of genetics and lifestyle habits.

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), genetic mutations cause only about five percent of colon cancer cases. Choices regarding diet, exercise, smoking and alcohol use may play a significant role in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer.

How Aspirin Affects Colon Cancer Risk

Taking aspirin can reduce your risk of a stroke or heart attack, but it also may help prevent colon cancer in high-risk patients.

Scientists at Mass General Brigham conducted a study to assess how lifestyle choices — such as smoking, drinking alcohol and having a high body mass index — might influence colon cancer risk factors associated with aspirin use. Using data from over 100,000 participants in the Nurse’s Health Study, the researchers compared results of patients who took aspirin regularly (at least two 325mg tablets per week or a daily dose of 81mg) to patients who did not take aspirin every week.

Taking aspirin regularly reduced the 10-year colon cancer incidence in all participants in the study, but the patients with unhealthy lifestyles benefitted most.

“These individuals [who smoked, drank and had a high body mass index] had multiple risk factors that increased their overall risk for developing colorectal cancer,” said Daniel R. Sikavi, MD, fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital. “Our results show that aspirin can proportionally lower this comparatively elevated risk. In contrast, those with a healthier lifestyle might have a lower baseline risk and, therefore, their benefit was still evident but less pronounced.”

Although daily aspirin may help prevent colon cancer, it can cause serious side effects, such as gastric bleeding. The research did not investigate the adverse effects of aspirin, yet Dr. Sikavi is optimistic that it will broaden the range of preventive treatments aimed at decreasing colon cancer rates.

Make Daily Decisions to Manage Your Colon Cancer Risk

Some colon cancer risk factors are fixed, while others are changeable. You can take control of your health by understanding which risk factors you can change.

Risk factors you cannot change:

• Your age — Your risk for colorectal cancer increases with age. However, young-onset colon cancer incidence is on the rise.
• Your ethnic and racial background — People who are of American Indian and Alaskan Native descent have the highest incidence of colon cancer in the United States, followed by African Americans.
• Sex at birth — Males with colon cancer are more likely to die from the disease than women.
• Having an inherited syndrome — People can inherit genetic mutations that cause family cancer syndromes. Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are two examples.
• Gallbladder removal — Individuals who have had their gallbladder removed may face a marginally increased risk of cancer on the right side of the colon.
• Personal history of colorectal cancer or colon polyps — Those with polyps or previous colon cancer are more likely to develop the disease or develop it again.
• Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) — Adults with IBD, including Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.

Risk factors you can change (ACS):

• Being obese or overweight — Staying at a healthy weight can lower your risk of colorectal cancer.
• Having type II diabetes — Experts suggest high insulin levels can make you more susceptible to developing colon cancer.
• Smoking — Smoking tobacco increases your risk of colon polyps, which can become cancerous.
• Drinking alcohol — Even light to moderate alcohol use can increase your risk for colorectal disease. Men should limit themselves to two drinks per day and women should have no more than one drink per day.
• Diet — Eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains and fiber-rich foods will lower your risk for colon cancer. Red and processed meats, fatty foods and sugary beverages are associated with increased risk.

Colonoscopy Is the Most Comprehensive Colon Cancer Screening Method

Colon cancer screening can detect cancer and identify abnormal tissue that could become cancerous. Although there are many types of preventive tests, colonoscopy is the gold standard because it can detect and prevent the disease in one procedure.

During a colonoscopy, a gastroenterologist examines the entire rectum and colon for polyps. Other screening tests like stool tests, CRC blood tests, CT colonography and flexible sigmoidoscopy are less invasive, but you must have a follow-up colonoscopy if any of these tests are positive.

The US Preventive Services Task Force advises that all adults with average colon cancer risk should start screening at the age of 45. Certain people with a familial background of colon cancer or polyps may require earlier screening for colon cancer. Talk to your doctor about the appropriate timing and frequency for your screenings.

A new study finds that you can lower cancer risk by 40 percent by changing your lifestyle, and colon cancer is one type that is most responsive to habit changes.

Colon Cancer Is a Leading Cause of Cancer Death in Men and Women

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In this year alone, doctors will diagnose about 106,590 new cases of colon cancer and 46,220 new cases of rectal cancer. The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates that 53,010 Americans will die of colon or rectal cancer by the end of 2024.

Modifiable Risk Factors Linked to Cancer Deaths

Researchers at the ACS found that four in 10 cancer cases and half of cancer deaths in adults older than 30 in the United States could be caused by modifiable risk factors. Some of these factors include the following:

• Smoking
• Obesity or high body mass index (BMI)
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Nutrition
• Alcohol consumption
• Infections

Smoking cigarettes was the primary cause of almost 20 percent of cancer diagnoses and 30 percent of cancer-related fatalities, making it the top risk factor.

Modifiable Risk Factors Highly Influence Colon Cancer

The study found that modifiable risk factors do not affect all cancers equally. Cancer types with the highest number of cases caused by modifiable risk factors included the following:

• Lung cancer (210,660)
• Female breast cancer (83,840)
• Melanoma (82,710)
• Colorectal cancer (78,440)

Cancers with the highest number of fatalities attributable to modifiable risk factors included the following:

• Lung cancer (122,740)
• Colorectal cancer (25,800)
• Liver cancer (14,720)
• Esophageal cancer (13,600)

Lifestyle Changes You Can Make to Lower Your Colon Cancer Risk

Heredity can increase your colorectal cancer risk, but most colon cancer develops from DNA mutations from the environment.

Modifiable risk factors cause more than half of colorectal cancer cases. You can take actionable steps to prevent colon cancer by doing these things:

1. Quit smoking or make a commitment to never smoke. People who smoke are more likely to develop and die from cancer of the colon and rectum compared to non-smokers.
2. Exercise regularly. Having a healthy BMI lowers your risk for colon cancer and other types of cancer, especially in men. Regular physical activity improves your overall health and prevents long-term health problems like high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.
3. Consume foods rich in fiber, such as fresh veggies, fruits, whole grains and healthy fats, to lower the risk of obesity and colorectal cancer. Avoid eating processed and fatty foods as well as refined sugars.
4. Avoid or limit your consumption of red meat and processed meats. Red and processed meats can cause inflammation that increases the risk of colon cancer. Replace ground beef, lamb and pork with lean chicken or fish.
5. Drink water instead of soda or sweetened beverages. Sugary beverages cause spikes in blood sugar and make you feel hungrier than normal. Because drinks do not fill you up as quickly as solid foods, it is easy to overeat.
6. Limit alcohol to celebrations. Colon cancer is linked to moderate to heavy alcohol use. It is best not to drink alcohol or to reserve it for special celebrations.

Get Support for Exercise and Nutrition Accountability

Most of the modifiable risk factors for colon cancer fall under the categories of exercise and food choices.

The ACS recommends 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity each week. If you are new to fitness or looking for guidance, investing in personal training sessions can provide the support you need to kick-start your journey toward a healthier lifestyle.

Dieticians provide counseling on healthy eating habits. These professionals will help you prepare meal plans, select recipes or even go grocery shopping with you to select nutrient-dense foods that nourish your body and promote a healthy body weight.

Screenings Can Detect and Prevent Colon Cancer

Scheduling regular colorectal cancer screening tests is the best way to detect or prevent the development of colon cancer at an early stage. Colonoscopy is the most comprehensive colon cancer screening because it allows your doctor to inspect the colon and remove precancerous polyps (abnormal tissue) during the procedure.

Other screening tests like stool tests, CRC blood tests, CT colonography and flexible sigmoidoscopy are less invasive, but you must have a follow-up colonoscopy if any of these tests are positive for colon cancer. Follow-ups are recommended within six months after the positive results.

Adults who are at average risk for colon cancer should begin screening at age 45, unless they have a family history of the disease or a genetic syndrome. Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer, or HNPCC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are two types of colorectal cancer that are caused by inherited gene mutations.

Most insurance plans provide coverage for colon cancer screening beginning at 45, but call your insurance provider for more details about your health plan.

Do you need to get screened for colorectal cancer? Contact your gastroenterologist now to schedule a meeting to discuss strategies for developing a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of developing the disease.

Colon cancer in adults younger than 50 continues to rise, but numbers may decline if young people don’t delay in seeing a doctor if they experience the symptoms of colon cancer.

What Is Young-Onset Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for men younger than 50 and the second deadliest cancer for women. The American Cancer Society estimates doctors will diagnose about 106,590 new cases of colon cancer and 46,220 new cases of rectal cancer this year.

Overall incidence of colon cancer is dropping because more people are getting screened and making healthy lifestyle changes. However, colorectal cancer incidence in adults younger than 55 has been increasing by one or two percent since the 1990s.

Young-onset colorectal cancer refers to cancers of the colon and rectum in adults younger than 50. Since these cancers are often diagnosed later, they tend to be more aggressive.

Young Adults Share Common Colon Cancer Symptoms

A new study in JAMA Network Open outlined the symptoms of colorectal cancer in young people. The journal published an analysis of 80 studies involving almost 25 million people younger than 50. The study found that young adults often share similar colon cancer symptoms. Blood in the stool was a symptom in 45 percent of cases, followed by abdominal cramps (40 percent) and changes in bowel habits (27 percent).

Diagnosis often took longer in younger patients.

“Time from sign or symptom presentation to early onset colorectal cancer diagnosis was often between 4 and 6 months,” wrote the research team, led by Joshua Demb, a graduate student at the University of California, San Diego.

Young People Often Delay Seeking GI Treatment

Young people are more likely to ignore colon cancer warning signs and put off seeing a doctor. They may think they are too young to develop cancer or they might worry about having sufficient medical coverage.

Even when young people go to the doctor, “patients and clinicians alike may downplay symptom severity and fail to recognize key red flags and clinical cues that should trigger suspicion of colorectal cancer, said Demb and his team.

Never Ignore Blood in the Stool

Because blood in the stool is the most common warning sign, you should always consider it a red flag. According to the research, individuals younger than 50 with blood in their stool have a fivefold increase in the risk of developing colon cancer compared to those without this symptom.

Bloody stool does not always indicate cancer. Hemorrhoids are a common condition that can also cause bloody stool. About 89 percent of Americans will develop hemorrhoids at some point in their lives.

One-third of Americans Are Overdue for a Colon Cancer Screening

Because young-onset colon cancer incidence continues to rise, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force lowered the screening age from 50 to 45.

Despite this effort, 80 percent of adults between 45 and 49 are not getting screened, and 33 percent of all eligible Americans are not getting screened for colorectal cancer.

Procrastinating can be dangerous when it comes to colon cancer. Research indicates that a higher percentage of young people are diagnosed with advanced stages of colon cancer, ranging from 58 to 89 percent, compared to older patients with rates of 30 to 63 percent.

Know the Other Symptoms and Your Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Besides blood in the stool, abdominal pain and bowel changes, you should be aware of other common symptoms of colon cancer. These include fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting and unexplained weight loss.

More than 50 percent of colon cancers in the United States are linked to poor lifestyle choices that people can alter, such as the following:

• Lack of exercise
• Being overweight or obese
• Alcohol use
• Smoking and tobacco use
• Eating a diet high in processed meat or red meat
• Consuming a low-fiber diet

You cannot reverse all risk factors. A family history of colon cancer or inherited syndromes like Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, and type II diabetes cannot be reversed. However, you can manage your symptoms by being under a doctor’s care. If you have a higher chance of developing colon cancer, you might require screening before reaching 45 years old.

Visit Your Gastroenterologist for Prevention and Early Detection

Screening can prevent colorectal cancer by detecting and removing precancerous polyps so they cannot turn into cancer. Regular screening can also diagnose cancer at an early stage when it is more treatable.

Colonoscopy is the most comprehensive colon cancer screening because it allows your doctor to inspect the entire colon and remove polyps during the procedure. There are other screening methods that are less invasive, like stool tests that can detect blood or other abnormalities. Talk to your doctor about what type of test is best for you.